Fistula is an abnormal opening between the end of anal canal and skin around it. This is commonly observed in the people suffering or suffered from anal abscess (a cavity filled with pus). Atleast 8.6 of 1,00,000 people are observed to affect with this Anal Fistula across the globe. One of the most common causes for fistula is the presence of unhealed anal abscess. This mainly causes out of infections when the stool pieces enter the fistula canal time to time. As the infection increases, persistent mucus discharge making it a non-healing wound.
In most of the cases, anal fistula is diagnosed from the physical examinations unless the condition is severe. If the severity increases, the doctor consultation is required for examining the rectum and anal canal. There are five different tests conducted to examine the severity of fistul
In most of the cases, anal fistula is diagnosed from the physical examinations unless the condition is severe. If the severity increases, the doctor consultation is required for examining the rectum and anal canal. There are five different tests conducted to examine the severity of fistula.
In Digital examination in which lubricated finger is inserted into the rectum to check for the abnormal growths.
In Visual Inspection in which lower rectum is examined using a proctoscopy, an anoscope or a sigmoidoscopy to check the lining of the anal tissues.
In this test, the anorectal doctor examines the inner lining of the anus and rectum to check for the abnormal growth, bleeding, inflammation conditions.
In this tests, an Ultrasound or MRI is sent to anal area inorder to get the better view of the fistula and to know the severity
Most of the people ignore the early symptoms of fistula. Consulting the doctor while with mild symptoms help in stopping the spread of infection inside the rectum. Some of the early symptoms such as foul-smelling discharge from your anal area, blood in your stool, are the signs of consulting the doctor and taking precautions from further severity.
Non-Surgical Treatments
There are two different non-surgical procedures to cure the fistula.
Fibrin glue: In this procedure, the fistula tract is mechanically closed by activating the thrombin that helps in forming fibrin cloth. Fibrin glue is basically a liquid sealant that assist in fistula tract healing. This helps in stimulating migration and activation of fibroblasts. This technique is simple, easy to use and repeatable. Hence it is considered as a better procedure by most of the people.
Seton placement: In this procedure, a suture or a rubber band is placed in the anal fistula which is progressively tightened to let the fistula heal.
Surgical TreatmentsAnal Fistula once developed cannot be easily cured by the antibiotics or home remedies. Surgical intervention is suggested by the doctor to avoid further spreading of infections. There are two options in surgical treatment.FistulotomyIn this the fistula is made to open and allowed to cure from inside. After this treatment the patient do not require to be under medication. Laser SurgeryIt is as known a minimal invasive procedure in which low treatment complications arises. This is infact the most preferred and effective method of all available fistula surgeries.
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The recovery time of this Anal Fistula is around 2 to 3 months in general for open surgery. But the patients under went laser surgery were noted to recover in 30 to 45 days post surgery. In the first month of recovery period, the patient needs to follow the complete recovery instructions as per the doctors prescription. Following appropriate diet is another precaution and post surgery care as a part of it, avoiding oily and spicy foods is suggested. In the second month post surgery, there will be much comfort than in first month. After 3 months of complete care and precautions, the patient will be completely relieved from the Anal Fistula.
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